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Elaeophora schneideri
''Elaeophora schneideri'' (arterial worm; cause of elaeophorosis, aka "filarial dermatitis" or "sorehead" in sheep; or "clear-eyed" blindness in elk) is a nematode which infests several mammalian hosts in North America. It is transmitted by horse-flies. Infection in the normal definitive hosts, Mule deer or Black-tailed deer, seldom produces clinical symptoms. In other hosts, such as sheep, elk, moose, and goats, infection with ''E. schneideri'' leads to elaeophorosis. Symptoms of elaeophorosis include necrosis of the muzzle, ears, and optic nerves; lack of coordination (ataxia); facial or lower limb dermatitis; horn deformities; blindness; and death.
== Discovery ==
Symptoms of elaeophorosis were first observed in 1933, in sheep (New Mexico) and mule deer (Utah) infested by an unknown nematode worm.〔Kemper, H.E. (1938) "Filarial dermatosis of sheep." ''North American Veterinarian'' 19(9):38-41.〕 Specimens were first described as ''Macdonaldius'' sp. in 1934,〔Dikmans, G. (1934) "New records of helminth parasites." ''Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington'' 1:63-64〕 and later revised to ''Elaeophora schneideri'' Wehr and Dikmans, 1935.〔Wehr, E.E. and G. Dikmans (1935) New nematodes (Filariidae) from North American ruminants. ''Zoologischer Anzeiger'' 110(7-8):202-208.〕 A more complete description of adults from elk, sheep and deer was published in 1968.〔Hibler, C.P. and J.L. Adcock (1968) Redescription of ''Elaeophora schneideri'' Wehr and Dikmans, 1935 (Nematoda: Filarioidea). ''Journal of Parasitology'' 54(6):1095-1098.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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